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Dear esteem reader,
Here is your SHAB TECHNOLOGY PLANET customized technology news for February 12, 2021.
Spotlight Stories Headlines
T.P.E.A.N
? TECHNOLOGY NEWS???:
A MACHINE LEARNING FRAMEWORK THAT EXPLOITS MEMRISTOR VARIABILITY TO IMPLEMENT MARKOV CHAIN
Monte Carlo sampling
Memristors, or resistive memory devices (RRAM) are nanometer-sized electronic components that can serve as memories for portable computers and other devices. When they are organized in a cross-bar structure, these tiny memories can be used to perform matrix multiplications with low energetic requirements.
SOFT ROBOTS USE CAMERA AND SHADOWS TO SENSE HUMAN TOUCH
Soft robots may not be in touch with human feelings, but they are getting better at feeling human touch.
FABRICATING FULLY FUNCTIONAL DRONES
From “Star Trek” replicators to Richie Rich’s wishing machine, popular culture has a long history of parading flashy machines that can instantly output any item. While 3-D printers have now made it possible to produce a range of objects that include product models, jewelry, and novelty toys, we still lack the ability to fabricate more complex devices that are essentially ready-to-go right out of the printer.
? PHYSICS NEWS⚙♨:
SCIENTISTS MEASURE TEMPERATURE UNDER SHOCK CONDITIONS
Temperature is tough to measure, especially in shock compression experiments. A big challenge is having to account for thermal transport—the flow of energy in the form of heat.
QUANTUM COMPUTING ENABLES SIMULATIONS TO UNRAVEL MYSTERIES OF MAGNETIC MATERIALS
A multi-institutional team became the first to generate accurate results from materials science simulations on a quantum computer that can be verified with neutron scattering experiments and other practical techniques.
QUANTUM CAUSAL LOOPS
Normally, causal influence is assumed to go only one way—from cause to effect—and never back from the effect to the cause—the ringing of a bell does not cause the pressing of the button that triggered it. Now, researchers from the University of Oxford and the Université libre de Bruxelles have developed a theory of causality in quantum theory, according to which cause-effect relations can sometimes form cycles. This theory offers a novel understanding of exotic processes in which events do not have a definite causal order. The study has been published in Nature Communications.
? EARTH NEWS?:
EARLY INDIAN MONSOON FORECASTS COULD BENEFIT FARMERS
Farmers in India should be provided with early forecasts of expected variations in the monsoon season in order to reduce crop losses, scientists say.
BIOLOGISTS UNCOVER FORESTS’ UNEXPECTED ROLE IN CLIMATE CHANGE
New research from West Virginia University biologists shows that trees around the world are consuming more carbon dioxide than previously reported, making forests even more important in regulating the Earth’s atmosphere and forever shift how we think about climate change.
NEW FACTOR IN THE CARBON CYCLE OF THE SOUTHERN OCEAN IDENTIFIED
Plankton are small organisms that drift with the currents in the seas and oceans. Despite their small size, they play an important planetary role due to their immense quantity. Photosynthesizing plankton, known as phytoplankton, for example, produce half of the oxygen in the atmosphere while binding huge amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2). Since the Southern Ocean around Antarctica is very rich in nutrients, phytoplankton can thrive there. It is therefore a key region for controlling atmospheric CO2 concentrations.
? ASTRONOMY & SPACE NEWS??:
ARAB SPACECRAFT CLOSES IN ON MARS ON HISTORIC FLIGHT
A spacecraft from the United Arab Emirates was set to swing into orbit around Mars in the Arab world’s first interplanetary mission Tuesday, the first of three robotic explorers arriving at the red planet over the next week and a half.
NASA’s OSIRIS-REx TO FLY A FAREWELL TOUR OF BENNU
On April 7, NASA’s OSIRIS-REx mission will give asteroid Bennu one last glance before saying farewell. Before departing for Earth on May 10, the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft will perform a final flyby of Bennu—capturing its last images of sample collection site Nightingale to look for transformations on Bennu’s surface after the Oct. 20, 2020, sample collection event.
SUPER-EARTH ATMOSPHERES PROBED AT SANDIA’S Z MACHINE
The huge forces generated by the Z machine at Sandia National Laboratories are being used to replicate the gravitational pressures on so-called “super-Earths” to determine which might maintain atmospheres that could support life.
? NANOTECHNOLOGY NEWS⛄☃:
SINGLE: AN OPEN-SOURCE SOFTWARE PACKAGE TO IDENTIFY THE ATOMIC-RESOLUTION STRUCTURE OF NANOCRYSTALS
Materials scientists typically use solution-phase transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to reveal the unique physiochemical properties of three-dimensional (3-D) structures of nanocrystals. In a new report on Science Advances, Cyril F. Reboul and a research team at the Monash University, Australia, Seoul National University, South Korea, and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory U.S., developed a single-particle Brownian 3-D reconstruction method. To accomplish this, they imaged ensembles of colloidal nanocrystals using graphene liquid cell transmission electron microscopy. The team obtained projection images of differently rotated nanocrystals using a direct electron detector to obtain an ensemble of 3-D reconstructions. In this work, they introduced computational methods to successfully reconstruct 3-D nanocrystals at atomic resolution and accomplished this by tracking individual particles throughout time, while subtracting the interfering background. The method could also identify/reject low-quality images to facilitate tailored strategies for 2-D/3-D alignment that differed from those in biological cryo-electron microscopy. The team made the developments available through an open-source software package known as SINGLE. The free software is available on GitHub.
THE INVISIBLE KILLER LURKING IN OUR CONSUMER PRODUCTS
Consumer products such as food, cosmetics and clothes might be filled with nanomaterials, unbeknownst to us. The use of nanomaterials remains unregulated and they do not show up in lists of ingredients. This is a cause of concern since nanomaterials can be more dangerous than COVID-19 in the long term if no safety action is taken: They are tricky to measure, they enter the food chain, and most alarmingly, they can penetrate cells and accumulate in organs.
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