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Dear esteem reader,
Here is your SHAB TECHNOLOGY PLANET customized technology news for November 25, 2020.
Spotlight Stories Headlines
T.P.E.A.N
? TECHNOLOGY NEWS???:
PREVIEWED REALITY: A SYSTEM THAT ALLOWS USERS TO PREDICT FUTURE CHANGES IN THEIR ENVIRONMENT
When robots and humans interact in a shared environment, it is important for them to move in ways that prevent collisions or accidents. To reduce the risk of collisions, roboticists have developed numerous of techniques that monitor an environment, predict the future actions of humans moving in it, identify safe trajectories for a robot and control its movements accordingly.
CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORKS CAN BE TRICKED BY THE SAME VISUAL ILLUSIONS AS PEOPLE
A convolutional neural network is a type of artificial neural network in which the neurons are organized into receptive fields in a very similar way to neurons in the visual cortex of a biological brain. Today, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are found in a variety of autonomous systems (for example, face detection and recognition, autonomous vehicles, etc.). This type of network is highly effective in many artificial vision tasks, such as in image segmentation and classification, along with many other applications.
MISINFORMATION OR ARTIFACT: A NEW WAY TO THINK ABOUT MACHINE LEARNING
Deep neural networks, multilayered systems built to process images and other data through the use of mathematical modeling, are a cornerstone of artificial intelligence.
? PHYSICS NEWS⚙♨:
MINIMAL-INTERFACE STRUCTURES CONSTRAINED IN POLYCRYSTALLINE COPPER WITH EXTREMELY FINE GRAINS
Metals with nanoscale crystal grains are super-strong although they do not retain their structure at higher temperatures. As a result, it is challenging to explore their high strength during materials applications. In a new report now published on Science, X. Y. Li and a team of scientists in materials science and engineering at the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiaotong University in China, found a minimum-interface structure in copper (Cu) with 10-nanometer-sized grains, which they combined with a nanograin crystallographic twinning network to retain high strength at temperatures just below the melting point. The discovery provided a different path to obtain stabilized nanograined metals for metallurgy and materials engineering applications.
SOCIAL BACTERIA BUILD SHELTERS USING THE PHYSICS OF FINGERPRINTS
Forest-dwelling bacteria known for forming slimy swarms that prey on other microbes can also cooperate to construct mushroom-like survival shelters known as fruiting bodies when food is scarce. Now a team at Princeton University has discovered the physics behind how these rod-shaped bacteria, which align in patterns like those on fingerprint whorls and liquid crystal displays, build the layers of these fruiting bodies. The study was published in Nature Physics.
BREAKING THE ICE ON MELTING AND FREEZING
At the 73rd Annual Meeting of the American Physical Society’s Division of Fluid Dynamics, researchers shared new insights into melting icebergs and lake ice formation.
? EARTH NEWS?:
NEW CLUES SHED LIGHT ON IMPORTANCE OF EARTH’S ICE SHEETS
Researchers examining subglacial waters both from Antarctica and Greenland found that these waters have higher concentrations of important, life-sustaining elements than previously thought, answering a big unknown for scientists seeking to understand the Earth’s geochemical processes.
GREENHOUSE GAS LEVELS AT NEW HIGH, DESPITE COVID-19 MEASURES
Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, the main driver of climate change, hit record highs last year and have continued climbing in 2020 despite measures to halt the COVID-19 pandemic, the UN said Monday.
EVEREST REGION GLACIERS THINNING AT HIGH ALTITUDES
The behavior of glaciers around Mount Everest over the last six decades is now revealed in research published today in the multidisciplinary journal One Earth.
? ASTRONOMY & SPACE NEWS??:
US-EUROPEAN OCEAN MONITORING SATELLITE LAUNCHES INTO ORBIT
A U.S.-European satellite designed to extend a decades-long measurement of global sea surface heights was launched into Earth orbit from California on Saturday.
GROWING INTEREST IN MOON RESOURCES COULD CAUSE TENSION, SCIENTISTS FIND
An international team of scientists led by the Center for Astrophysics / Harvard & Smithsonian, has identified a problem with the growing interest in extractable resources on the moon: there aren’t enough of them to go around. With no international policies or agreements to decide “who gets what from where,” scientists believe tensions, overcrowding, and quick exhaustion of resources to be one possible future for moon mining projects. The paper published today in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A.
A PLANET-FORMING DISK STILL FED BY THE MOTHER CLOUD
Stellar systems like our own form inside interstellar clouds of gas and dust that collapse producing young stars surrounded by protoplanetary disks. Planets form within these protoplanetary disks, leaving clear gaps, which have been recently observed in evolved systems, at the time when the mother cloud has been cleared out. ALMA has now revealed an evolved protoplanetary disk with a large gap still being fed by the surrounding cloud via large accretion filaments. This shows that accretion of material onto the protoplanetary disk is continuing for times longer than previously thought, affecting the evolution of the future planetary system
? NANOTECHNOLOGY NEWS⛄☃:
NEW INSIGHTS INTO MEMRISTIVE DEVICES BY COMBINING INCIPIENT FERROELECTRICS AND GRAPHENE
Scientists are working on new materials to create neuromorphic computers with a design based on the human brain. A crucial component is a memristive device, the resistance of which depends on the history of the device—just as the response of neurons depends on previous input. Materials scientists from the University of Groningen analyzed the behavior of strontium titanium oxide, a platform material for memristor research and used the 2-D material graphene to probe it. On 11 November 2020, the results were published in the journal ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces.
SCIENTISTS OBSERVE DIRECTED ENERGY TRANSPORT BETWEEN NEIGHBORING MOLECULES IN A NANOMATERIAL
When light falls on a material, such as a green leaf or the retina, certain molecules transport energy and charge. This ultimately leads to the separation of charges and the generation of electricity. Molecular funnels, so-called conical intersections, ensure that this transport is highly efficient and directed.
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